R

Functions

• is.na

percentile

> quantile(duration, c(.32, .57, .98)) 
   32%    57%    98% 
2.3952 4.1330 4.9330

CDF

empirical cdf : ecdf

plot(ecdf(data))

https://www.r-bloggers.com/exploratory-data-analysis-2-ways-of-plotting-empirical-cumulative-distribution-functions-in-r/ https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat464/node/84

factor to numeric

as.numeric(as.character( data ))

or

as.numeric(as.matrix( data ))

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24187629/how-to-convert-factor-to-float-without-losing-precision-in-r